                                      
     __________________________________________________________

     
                                  
     
                       M S - D O S   4.x
     

     __________________________________________________________

     
      㪮⢥ 짮⥫ ਢ  ୮  ᠭ
᭮     MS-DOS,    ᠭ      
ࠢ筨  짮⥫  MS-DOS.  ஬  ⮣,   㪮⢮
ᮤন   ᠭ  浪   ⠫樨  ⥬    
ணࠬ Select.
               
      1     MS-DOS
      2    
      3     
      4    MS-DOS
     
     
     
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________

                              1
                 
                         MS-DOS
     
     __________________________________________________________
                                    
     ⠢  ,  ᬮ 㧭:
     
     - 冷 ⠫樨 ⥬   ணࠬ Select;
     -   ணࠬ MS-DOS Shell;
     -    MS-DOS;
     -  ᤥ    MS-DOS ᪮.
     __________________________________________________________

         ⠫ MS-DOS  ᯮ짮 ணࠬ Select
                                                        
     ணࠬ Select  ।⠢  ᮡ  ᫥⥫쭮
ᬥ   ࠭,  ᮤঠ  室  ଠ  
। 짮⥫ 믮 ᮮ⢥騥 ⢨.
     ।ᬮ७   ᭮  ࠭,      ᢮
।    㣨 ࠭,  ᨬ  
 ଠ樨  ⥬.
        ଠ樨   ᨬ쭮   饭.   짮⥫
室      롨   ᮮ⢥騩   ਠ    
।   ࠭ ਠ⮢ ⨬   ५.
 ६ 宦  - ࠭ ᥣ   
뢠 ଠ   ⨥  F1.
     ० ᥣ  室 ᭨ ᫥饥:
     
     - ꥬ 㯭  襣 
     -  ᯮ㥬  ਭ
     - 祭    ⥬  ७ 
     
     ᫥  ⮣  ⮢    ᪨,  ᫮  
  ꥬ  :
     
      ᪠               ॡ㥬 ⢮
     __________________________________________________________
     5.25               4
     (360 )
     
     5.25               4
     (1.2 )
     
     3.5                2
     (720 )
     
     3.5                1
     (1.44 )
     
     ⪨             1 (5.25 360)  1 (3.5 720)
     __________________________________________________________

     ஬ 㪠 ⢠,  ॡ      ,
᫨  ⠫ MS-DOS Shell.
     
       ᪠  ணࠬ  Select  ( ᪠ 5.25  3.5)
믮 ᫥騥 ⢨:
     
     1. ,    몫祭.
     2.    ᪥   MS-DOS Install disk.
     3. ⠢      ᪮    (.   㪮⢮   
        ).
     4. ன  ᪮.
     5.  ⠭   ᠬ .
        ᫨  ᯮ 3.5- ᪥,   
        ய 㭪 6 - 9, .. ணࠬ Select 祭
         ⠫樮 .
     6.  ⠫樮   ᪮  ⠢ 
         ணࠬ Select.
     7.  .
     8.          ணࠬ   Select    ⠢
        ⠫樮 .
     9.  .
    10.  ࠭  ଠ  ॡ㥬 ⢥
        ᪮   ⠫樨  樮  ⥬    
        ⪮, ⠪    ᪠.
    11.  .
         ࠭  ଠ  㭪樮 ,
        ᯮ㥬      ࠡ    ணࠬ Select.
        ᫥   ᯮ  :
               
              ENTER          - 室  ᫥饬 蠣
                               ணࠬ.
              ESC            - ⬥ ⥪騩 ࠭.
              TAB            -    ᫥饬
                                ࠭.
              PAGE UP/DOWN   - ⠭ ࠭ (।/)
              UP/DOWN        -    ᫥饬
                               .
              F1             - ᢥ稢 ࠭  ᪠
                               (help).
              F3             - 室  ணࠬ Select.
              F9             - ᢥ稢 ࠭  ଠ樥 
                               祭  (⮫쪮 ᫨ 
                               室  ࠭ help).
              LEFT/RIGHT     - ਧ⠫쭠 ப⪠ ᮤন-
                                ࠭.
                               
     11.  .
         ।騩 ࠭ 祧        ࠭,
         ᮤঠ騩 쭥 ଠ  ணࠬ Select, 
         ⠪ ᪠  짮⥫.
        
      㦥 뫮 ᪠,  ணࠬ  Select  ᮤন  
᭮ ࠭:
     
     ࠭ 1
            뤥  ⥬  ਪ ணࠬ.
            ᫨        ꥬ  256, 
             ᫥   1.  ⮬ 砥 ⥬
            뤥 訩 ꥬ  ,   ਪ
            ணࠬ  ⢮  訩   ꥬ
            .
            ᫨    ꥬ  512,  
            ᫥      2,  ..    ⮬  砥
            ⥬    ਪ  ணࠬ  㤥  ⢥
            ࠢ ꥬ .
            ᫨  ꥬ    襣    ॢ蠥
            512,  㦭     3.    ⮬  砥
            ⥬ 㤥 뤥 ᨬ ꥬ , 
            㤥  ⠢  筮     㧪
            ਪ ணࠬ.
     
     ࠭ 2
            롮 ⥪饩 ࠭  ⨯ .
                ⮣  ࠭      ⥪
            ࠭    ⨯  . ᫨  ࠫ ,
            㣠, ࢥ   ࠭  ,
                   室   ᮮ⢥騬   ࠧ
            ४  ࠭ (  Y  
             ࠭  ⠫樨).
     
     ࠭ 3
            롮 ᪠  ⠫樨.
              ࠭      ⠫஢ ⥬
              ⪮ ᪥ (᪮ ),   
            ᪠ (᪮ ).    롮  ⪮  ᪠
              㣮 ࠭,  ஬ 室 㤥
            㪠    ⠫樨  ⥬  (⠫  
            ).
     
     ࠭ 4
                ࠭            
            ᯮ㥬 ਭ    .  ᥣ  
              ।  ᥬ ਭ஢. ஬ ⮣, 
             ᢮  ᫥⥫쭮  ਭ  
            ࠫ쭮  ,  ᫨,  筮,   㦥 
            祭 ࠫ쭮 ਭ.
     
     ࠭ 5
             ࠭ 訢 , 㦭  ⠫஢
            ணࠬ  Shell.  ᫨  ,     ᫥   
            祭      ࠭ 㤥 
            ⮢ ࠭ ணࠬ Shell.
     
     ࠭ 6
              ⮣ ࠭ ।   ࠬ,
            室騥    䠩  config.sys  autoexec.bat, 
            믮 ⠫ ⥬   ⥪騬
            祭ﬨ.
            
     
                   த ⠫樨
                   
     ᫨   ⪨ :
            ᫨           ஢      ⠫      
            ଠ஢  ᪥,    । 믮
            ⠫樨 室 㤥  ᮮ⢥
            ଠ, ᠭ ன    ࠢ筨
            짮⥫ MS-DOS.
            ᫥  ᯥ譮  襭 ଠ஢ ᪠,
            ணࠬ  Select     襩      ᪮
            ⥬   䠩      ⪨  .    ६
            ⠫樨   室  㤥  ᪮४஢
            䠩  config.sys   autoexec.bat, ..  
              䠩 config.400  autoexec.400.  ᫥
            믮     ⢨ १ 
            ⥬,   CONTROL+ALT+DELETE.
     
     ᫨  襬   ⪮ ᪠:
            ᫨  믮 ⠫   1.44-⭮
            ᪥,   ணࠬ Select ⠫ ⥬ 
               ᪥,        ᫥⢨    㤥
            ᯮ짮     㧮    MS-DOS  
            ⪮ Startup.
            ᫨   ⠫   믮       720    
            360-  ᪥,    室  ࠡ 
                ࠭     ਤ   ᬥ   
            720-᪠      360-᪮. 720-᪨ 
            ⮬  ᮮ⢥⢥ ⪨:
     
                 - Startup
                 - Working
                 - Shell
            
            㧨 ⥬    ᪠ Startup, ⠪ 
             ᪠ Shell.
            360-᪨        ⠫樨      ⪨
            ᮮ⢥⢥:
     
                 - Startup
                 - Working1
                 - Working2
                 - Working3
                 - Shell
     
            㧨 ⥬  ⮫쪮  ᪠ Startup.
     
     
                  ⠪ ணࠬ Shell?
     
     ணࠬ    Shell   ᨬ쭮   頥   ࠡ   
樮 ⥬.  १,  室  
  ᨭ⠪    MS-DOS.    믮  
筮  設⢥ 砥  ᪮쪨  ⨩  
  .   㦭 ᤥ   㦭
ਠ    믠    ணࠬ.  ஡ ᠭ
ணࠬ Shell   㪮⢥ 짮⥫ MS-DOS Shell.
     
                   ணࠬ Shell?
     
     ᫨    ⠫樨  ⥬    ࠫ    ⮩
ணࠬ,   㦥 뫮  ᪠,    ⮬  祭
設    ࠭  㤥       ணࠬ
Shell.
     ᫨    ⮣    ᤥ    ⠫樨,    ᫥
㧪 ⥬     DOSSHELL.  ᫨  ⠫
믮﫠    360-᪠,        ਤ ᬥ
.
     
                      MS-DOS?
     
     1. ,   ࠭  ⥬ ᪠
        >.
     2.    ᪮.
     3.   ࠢ,  㪠     ᠭ   襣
        .
     
             ᤥ   襣 ᪠?
            
     __________________________________________________________
     ਬ砭
                 ᫥         ࠡ   ᪮,
               祭  १ ⠫樨,     
               ᪮, 室  ⠢.
     __________________________________________________________

     B  MS-DOS ।ᬮ७  diskcopy,  
஢ ᮤন ᪮,  ᫨  祭  
 ⮣ ଠ஢. ଠ஢ 믮  
஢.
     
     1. ⠢ 㥬   ᪮ .
     2.   diskcopy a: b:
     3.  .
        MS-DOS 뤠 ᮮ饭:
     
        insert sourse diskette in drive A:
        insert target diskette in drive B:
        press any key when ready...
     
     4.   ஡    த.  ᫥  믮
         ⥬ 뤠 ᮮ饭:
        
        copy another? (Y/N)
     
     5.  N, ᫨ 㦭 뫮 ஢ ⮫쪮  ,
         Y, ᫨ 㦭 ᪮஢   .
     
            , ᫨   ⮫쪮  ᪮?
     
      믮 쥣 蠣, ⥬ 뤠 ᮮ饭:
          
        insert source diskette in drive A:
        press any key when ready...
     
     4.  ஡.   ᮮ饭:
        
        insert target diskette in drive B:
        press any key when ready...
     
     5. ⠢  ᪮   㥬  ᪠  
        ,   㤥 ந ஢.
     6.  ஡.
     
     ᫨          ⪨  ,        
᪮஢ ࠡ稥 䠩 MS-DOS.  ⮬  㦭 㤥  
㧪      ࠧ   ⠢  䫮-᪨    ᪮
.
     室  ,  直 ࠧ,   ଠ஢
᪮ 㭨⮦ ଠ, ᮤঠ  .
                                                   
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________
                     
                          2
                                
                      
                
     __________________________________________________________

      ⮩   㧭:
     
     -  ᯮ짮  ࠡ  䠩
     -  ᯥ 䠩
     -  ᯮ짮  ࠡ  ᪮
     
     __________________________________________________________

       㯮ॡ塞  ࠡ   䠩  -
 dir, copy, del, rename  print.
     
                          DIR
                         
     ⮡  㧭,    䠩  室    ⮬  
᪥,  室    dir,    ன  १
஡ ᫥  ᪮  稥:
     
     dir b:
     
     ᫨      㪠    ᪮,    ࠭ 㤥
뢥 ᯨ᮪ 䠩, 室  ⥪饬 ᪮:
     
     dir
     
     ᫨     뫨            ⨢
(㪠    ⥪饣)  ᪮,   ᫥  
(     稭  믮  ᫥  
)  ࠭  ᮮ饭:
     
     Not ready error reading drive A
     Abort, Retry, Fail?
     
     ன  ᪮   R.
     
     뢮  ᯨ᪠ (⨭) 䠩 ᪠  ਮ⠭,
᫨ 뢮 䠩    ࠬ ࠭.    ⮣
   ६      Ctrl    S  (CONTROL+S).
୮ ⨥      த  뢮  ᮤন
᪠.


                         Copy
                        
         ᯮ짮  ஢ 
 ᪮쪨 䠩     ᠬ , ⠪   
᪠  㣮.
     
     ਬ:
       ஢  䠩  oldfile.doc         
᢮   䠩    newfile.doc  㦭  믮
᫥騥 ⢨:
     
     1. ,    䠩 室  ᪮ ,
          ᪮   ⥪騬.
     2.  :
     
        copy  oldfile.doc  newfile.doc
        
     3.  .
          ,    䠩  
ᮢ      㥬  䠩,   ᫨   ஢
믮     .  ᮧ ன  䠩 
⥬  ,  㦥  ᪥ ,  :
     
     copy  a:oldfile.doc  b:oldfile.doc
     
     ਬ砭:
                
       ⥪騬  ᪮  (  ᫮  
砫),      ᯥ䨪樨  筨   ᪠ 
᪮.  ࠧ, ਢ  ࠢ:
     
     copy  a:oldfile.doc  b:oldfile.doc
     copy  oldfile.doc    b:oldfile.doc
     copy  oldfile.doc    b:
     
     
                   Delete
                  
         ᯮ짮   㤠  䠩,
⠢    㦭묨.  ਬ,      㤠  䠩
oldfile.doc  ᪠, 室饣  ⥪饬 ᪮:
     
     1. ,    ᮮ⢥騩    室   
        ⥪饬 ᪮.
     2.  :
     
        del  oldfile.doc
     
     3.  .
     
     ਬ砭:
       del  㪠뢠   erase.
                                       
     
                         Rename
                        
             ᯮ짮  २
䠩. ⮡ २ 䠩 newfile.doc  oldfile.doc 
᫥ 믮 ᫥騥 ⢨:
                             
     1. ,    ᮮ⢥騩    室   
        ⥪饬 ᪮.
     2.  :
        
        rename  newfile.doc  oldfile.doc
     
     3.  .
     
     
                             Type
                            
         ᯮ짮  뢮 ᮤন
䠩   ࠭. ,  뢮 ᮤন 䠩 oldfile.doc
 室 믮 ᫥騥 ⢨:
     
     1. ,    ᮮ⢥騩    室   
        ⥪饬  ᪮.  (㬥,   室 
            ⥪饬  ᪮,    ⮣      ਤ
        㪠뢠    ᪮.)
     2.  :
     
        type  oldfile.doc
     
     3.  .
     
     ਬ砭:
         뢮    ࠭ ⮫쪮 ⥪⮢ 䠩,
.. 稥 䠩 (ਬ, 䠩  ७ﬨ .com  .exe)
 ᮧ  ࠭ 㤫,  ⠥  ᨬ  
.  ஬ ⮣, ᫨ 䠩  頥   ࠭, 
   墮   ப    /.    ⮬
砥,  , 뢮騥  ଠ  ࠭ (dir
 type, ਬ),  뢮  ࠭筮.    뢮
᫥饩 ࠭ 筮   :
     
     type  oldfile.doc/p
     
     
                       Print
                      
       print ।祭  뢮 ᮤন 䠩
  .  ਬ,    ᯥ⪨   䠩   oldfile.doc,
室饣    ᪥    ᪮    室 믮
᫥騥 ⢨:

     1. ,  ਭ ⮢  .
     2.  :
     
     print  b:oldfile.doc
     
     3.  .
     
     ਬ砭:
       ⥪饬 ᪥  室 ⥬. ᫥ 
  ࠭     ன⢠ . 㦭
   ன⢠,        ,  ᫨
  㤥 믮  ⥪饬 ਭ. ஬ ⮣, 
६    ᪠ ᢮ ணࠬ,   ६
 믮 㤥  筮.
     
     
                 ࠡ  ᪮
                
     
       ᯮ㥬  ࠡ  ᪮ - 
  format    diskcopy.    diskcopy ᠭ 
  1.    format  ।祭    ଠ஢
᪮.   ஬   ⮣,     ६  믮  ⮩  
  ᪥    䥪  ᥪ.   ਬ,   
ଠ஢     ᪠,  ⠢    ᪮  ,
室  ᫥  ப:
     
     format  b:
     
     ᫨   ⮫쪮  ᪮,  ⥬   
⠢   ଠ㥬      (.      1).  ᫨  
ଠ ,   ᫥⢨ 㤥  ᯮ짮
  ⥬  ,      墮    ப ᫥
  /s.  ६ ଠ஢ ⥬ 뢥  
࠭ ᮮ饭:
     
     Volume lable (11 characters, ENTER for none)?
     
        ,   ᫨      室  ᢠ
ᮤন ᪠ ஥ 饥  ( ⮬), 
 ᪮쪮 ᨬ (ਬ - data  disk)    
.  ࠭   ᮮ饭:
     
     format another? (Y,N)
     
       N,  ᫨      㤥 ଠ஢ ᫥
᪥. 室 ,   format  㭨⮦
 䠩  ଠ㥬 ᪥.
     
                                   
     
     
     __________________________________________________________

                             3
                            
                     
                   
     __________________________________________________________

        ⮩      㧭:
     
     -  ᪠ ਪ ணࠬ;
     -  ᮧ 䠩   । Edlin.
     
     __________________________________________________________

     
     
             ᪠ ਪ ணࠬ?
     
      ⮣  室 믮 ᫥騥 ⢨:
     
     1. ,  ᪮  - ⥪騩.
     2. ⠢   ਪ ணࠬ  ᪮ .
     3.         ਪ  ணࠬ.
     4.  .
     
     ᫨  ᪠ ਪ ணࠬ  ⪮ ᪠,
 冷 ⢨ 㤥 ᫥騬:
     
     1.    ⥪騬  ᪮    (᫨    ᮤন
        ਪ ணࠬ).
     2.     ਪ ணࠬ.
     3.  .
                               
     ਬ砭:
     ᫥ 室  ਪ ணࠬ,    ࠭  
  ᮮ饭:
     
     insert disk with \command.com in drive A
     press any key to continue...
     
      ந室  ⮬  砥,    -  ⥫
ࠧ஢   ਪ   ணࠬ   ࠥ      䠩
command.com. ⠢  ⥪騩 ᪮ , ᮤঠ騩 
䠩    .
     
     
           ᮧ 䠩   । Edlin?
     
     ஡ ᠭ  ਥ  ।஢  䠩  
  ।  Edlin  㤥  ਢ   ᮮ⢥
,  ᥩ  ᬮਬ  冷 ᪠  ।
 ᪮쪮  ।஢.
       ᪠ । 室   ப,
  ᮤঠ, ஬  ᠬ ணࠬ  ।,
⠪   ।㥬 䠩:
     
     edlin  oldfile.doc
     
     ᫨  䠩  oldfile.doc    ⮣   ⢮,  
६  ᮧ .  ࠭  ᮮ饭:
     
     New file
     *_
     
       ᨬ (*)  I    .    ࠭
  ࢮ ப. 㬥 ப   
襣  㤮⢠      室   ᠬ 䠩.  ᪮쪮
ப 䠩. ,   ப  ⠥  ,  
᫥    . ᫨  㦨 訡    㦥
 ப -  砩 -   ⮩  ப
   . ᫥ ⮣ 訡 ப  ࠢ.
  砭   ।஢   ୨      ᨬ   (*)
६  ⨥    Ctrl   (CONTROL+C). ,
⨥      ᬮ      MS-DOS.  
⥪饬      ᪥      ⮬᪨      㤥      ࠭
ᮧ/।஢  䠩.
                     
     
     
     
     __________________________________________________________

                             4
                            
                      MS-DOS
                     
     __________________________________________________________

      ⮩  ਢ ᠭ 䠩:
     
     - config.sys
     - autoexec.bat
     
     __________________________________________________________

     
                        config.sys
                       
      ᪥  MS-DOS,  ᫥  ⮬᪨     
⥬  ᪥ 䠩   config.sys.  䠩 
 ⠭ 䨣 ⥬. ᫨ ⠪  䠩  
⥬  ᪥   (஢    dir),  
  ᮧ        ।  Edlin.  ஡
ᠭ     ᮤন  䠩  config.sys    
ࠢ筨 짮⥫.
     
                       autoexec.bat
                      
      ᪥ MS-DOS, ᫥ ⠪ ⮬᪨  
⥬  ᪥    䠩      autoexec.bat.   䠩
      ⠭   ᫥⥫쭮   ,
믮塞    ᪥  MS-DOS  ⮬᪨ . ᫨ ⠪
䠩  ⥬ ᪥    (஢      
dir),        ᮧ     । Edlin.
஡ ᠭ  ᮤন  䠩  autoexec.bat
  ࠢ筨 짮⥫.
     
     
